Be aware of our news

Diabetes is a multisystemic disease characterised by increased glucose in the blood, also called hyperglycaemia.

The increased level of glucose in the bloodstream is caused by a deficiency in the production of insulin (hormone produced by the pancreas) or the inability of this hormone to perform its proper function.

There are three main types of diabetes:

- Type 1 diabetes mellitus: it is caused by insufficient production of insulin;

- Type 2 diabetes mellitus is caused by the difficulty of cells to respond properly to insulin, a condition known as insulin resistance. It is triggered mainly by inadequate eating habits and sedentary lifestyle;

- gestational diabetes: this is when a woman with no previous signs of the disease has high glucose levels in her bloodstream during pregnancy.

When not controlled, the high levels of glucose in the bloodstream compromise quality of life and may cause injuries throughout the organism, such as, for example, the Diabetic Foot - characterised by the development of wounds, also called ulcers, in different areas of the feet. 

 

In diabetic patients it is essential to treat any type of foot injury - such as cuts, blisters and chilblains - as soon as possible in order to avoid more serious complications, such as foot amputation.

 

The main symptoms of Diabetic Foot are:

- Tingling or burning sensation in the Foot;

- reddened toes, especially on the upper side

- swelling of the foot;

- excessive calluses

- decreased sensitivity;

- numbness and feeling of weakness in the legs;

 

Treatment is prescribed according to the type of injury or severity. If you experience any of the above symptoms you should consult your Podiatrist immediately. The progression of the disease is usually rapid.

 

The best way to prevent Diabetes is to maintain a healthy diet, together with regular physical activity and the administration of medication when recommended by your doctor. 

 

Drª Cristina Costa and Drª Leila Casto, Podologists at FootStudy - Foot Knowledge Centre, recommend other precautions that may help prevent Diabetic Foot: 

- Inspect your feet frequently: look for blisters, cuts, chilblains, reddened areas, changes in the nails and sole or any other type of strange sign. They recommend the use of a mirror to ensure a complete view of the Foot.

- See a Podiatrist frequently, at least every 6 months.

- Choose comfortable shoes, avoid shoes that bother you or cause blisters.

- Avoid walking barefoot or wearing slippers to avoid a greater exposure of the feet to cuts and traumas. 

- Pay attention to the temperature of the bath water: above 35°C, it may cause slight burns which, in diabetics, favour the appearance of blisters and ulcers leading to serious complications.

- Cut your nails following the contour of your fingers - be careful not to damage the skin.

- If you have difficulties, ask your Podologist for help.

 

Did you know that Portugal has the highest number of cases of Diabetic Foot and amputations in Europe? 

 

Schedule your Podiatry appointment and avoid that small alterations in the present are serious problems in the future!